TY - JOUR T1 - Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: Diagnosis, management, and prevention JF - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine JO - Cleve Clin J Med SP - 633 LP - 639 DO - 10.3949/ccjm.87a.19117 VL - 87 IS - 10 AU - Anita Rae Modi AU - Christopher S. Kovacs Y1 - 2020/10/01 UR - http://www.ccjm.org/content/87/10/633.abstract N2 - Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) cause significant inpatient morbidity and mortality. They are especially challenging to diagnose promptly in the intensive care unit because a plethora of other causes can contribute to clinical decline in complex, critically ill patients. The authors describe the diagnosis, management, and prevention of these diseases based on current guidelines and recent evidence. ER -