PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ghandakly, Elizabeth
AU  - Moudgil, Rohit
AU  - Holman, Katherine
TI  - Cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV: Risk assessment and management
AID  - 10.3949/ccjm.92a.24055
DP  - 2025 Mar 01
TA  - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
PG  - 159--167
VI  - 92
IP  - 3
4099  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/92/3/159.short
4100  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/92/3/159.full
SO  - Cleve Clin J Med2025 Mar 01; 92
AB  - Almost 40 million people worldwide are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. With treatment advances, HIV infection is now a manageable chronic disease for those with access to medical therapy. People living with HIV have a significantly higher risk and earlier onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) owing to chronic inflammation and other biochemical factors, as well as overlapping social determinants of health and nonbiologic risk factors. Knowing that patients living with HIV develop coronary artery disease much earlier than the general population, careful attention must be given to assessment and management of their cardiovascular risk.