RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Diagnosis and treatment of hyperkalemia
JF Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
JO Cleve Clin J Med
FD Cleveland Clinic
SP 934
OP 942
DO 10.3949/ccjm.84a.17056
VO 84
IS 12
A1 Biff F. Palmer
A1 Deborah J. Clegg
YR 2017
UL http://www.ccjm.org/content/84/12/934.abstract
AB Hyperkalemia results either from the shift of potassium out of cells or from abnormal renal potassium excretion. Cell shift leads to transient increases in the plasma potassium concentration, whereas decreased renal excretion of potassium leads to sustained hyperkalemia. Impairments in renal potassium excretion can be the result of reduced sodium delivery to the distal nephron, decreased mineralocorticoid level or activity, or abnormalities in the cortical collecting duct. In some instances, all 3 of these perturbations are present. Excessive intake of potassium can cause hyperkalemia but usually in the setting of impaired renal function. We discuss the clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia and outline an approach to its diagnosis and treatment.