PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Muzammil Mushtaq AU - Steven L. Cohn TI - Perioperative beta-blockers in noncardiac surgery: The evidence continues to evolve AID - 10.3949/ccjm.81a.14015 DP - 2014 Aug 01 TA - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine PG - 501--512 VI - 81 IP - 8 4099 - http://www.ccjm.org/content/81/8/501.short 4100 - http://www.ccjm.org/content/81/8/501.full SO - Cleve Clin J Med2014 Aug 01; 81 AB - The effectiveness and safety of giving beta-blockers to patients undergoing noncardiac surgery remain controversial. The use of these drugs in this clinical scenario increased after the publication of two positive trials in the late 1990s and was encouraged by national organizations and clinical guidelines. However, when several subsequent studies failed to show a benefit, recommendations became more limited and use decreased. This paper reviews recent evidence for and against the perioperative use of beta-blockers.