PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Hall, Phillip M.
TI  - Nephrolithiasis: Treatment, causes, and prevention
AID  - 10.3949/ccjm.76a.09043
DP  - 2009 Oct 01
TA  - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
PG  - 583--591
VI  - 76
IP  - 10
4099  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/76/10/583.short
4100  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/76/10/583.full
SO  - Cleve Clin J Med2009 Oct 01; 76
AB  - Factors that promote stone formation include low daily urine volumes; saturation of the urine with calcium, oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, or cystine; acidic urine; and bacterial infection. The author identifies the mechanisms of stone formation and outlines management aimed at preventing recurrences.