PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Levine, Michael A.
TI  - Primary hyperparathyroidism: 7,000 years of progress
DP  - 2005 Dec 01
TA  - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
PG  - 1084--1098
VI  - 72
IP  - 12
4099  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/72/12/1084.short
4100  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/72/12/1084.full
SO  - Cleve Clin J Med2005 Dec 01; 72
AB  - Because of widespread screening of the serum calcium concentration, most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism now present with very mild disease instead of the severe bone or kidney manifestations seen in the past. The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) in their 2002 guidelines recommend surgery for patients with symptoms and for select patients without symptoms. But many now argue that all patients with primary hyperparathyroidism should be referred for surgery to reduce fracture risk and enhance general health.