PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Stephen P. Hayden AU - Mark E. Mayer AU - James K. Stoller TI - Postoperative pulmonary complications: risk assessment, prevention, and treatment DP - 1995 Nov 01 TA - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine PG - 401--407 VI - 62 IP - 6 4099 - http://www.ccjm.org/content/62/6/401.short 4100 - http://www.ccjm.org/content/62/6/401.full SO - Cleve Clin J Med1995 Nov 01; 62 AB - SUMMARY Patients with pre-existing pulmonary disease and certain other conditions are at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. This article surveys how internists can identify high-risk patients clinically, use pulmonary function studies, use specific therapy to reduce risk, and manage postoperative complications.