PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Haggman, Dale L.
AU  - Moodie, Douglas S.
AU  - Sterba, Richard
AU  - Gill, Carl C.
TI  - Intravenous digital subtraction angiography in the evaluation of systemic and pulmonary venous anomalies
DP  - 1985 Mar 20
TA  - Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
PG  - 55--60
VI  - 52
IP  - 1
4099  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/52/1/55.short
4100  - http://www.ccjm.org/content/52/1/55.full
SO  - Cleve Clin J Med1985 Mar 20; 52
AB  - The authors studied 17 patients with systemic and pulmonary venous anomalies. Digital and analog systems with single or average multiple masks were used with two commercially available systems with radiographic or continuous modes. In all patients, contrast material was injected into a peripheral vein (usual dose, 0.5-1.0 mL/kg). Digital subtraction angiograms were compared with cardiac angiograms and echocardiograms. In all 17 patients, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) studies provided information that could have eliminated some or all of the routine cardiac catheterization procedure. There were no complications following any of the DSA studies. DSA is a safe and effective technique for the evaluation of patients with systemic and pulmonary venous anomalies.