Study | No. of patients, location | Gram-negative organisms | With AUD | Without AUD | Gram-positive organisms | With AUD | Without AUD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fernández-Solá et al,16 1995 | 50, Barcelona | Gram-negative bacilli | 19% | 0a | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 6% | 6% |
Marik,39 2000 | 148, United States and Canada | Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species | 22% | 5%a | |||
Arancibia et al,38 2002 | 559, Barcelona | Gram-negative bacilli | 11% | 11% | |||
Paganin et al,37 2004 | 112, Réunion Island | Klebsiella pneumoniae | 30% | 10%a | |||
Saitz et al,4 1997 | 23,198, Massachusetts | Haemophilus influenzae Gram-negative bacilli | 5% 2.5% | 3.5%a 4% | S pneumoniae Staphylococcus sp. | 15% 3% | 6%a 2% |
de Roux et al,2 2006 | 1,347, Europe | Gram-negative bacilli Pseudomonas aeruginosa H influenzae | 9% 5% 2% | 11% 3% 4% | S pneumoniae | 27% | 16%a |
Gupta et al,18 2019 | 137,496, United States | Escherichia coli K pneumoniae P aeruginosa | 7% 6% 1% | 10%a 7%a 1% | S pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus | 6% 4% | 2%a 3% |
↵a Statistically significant (P < .05).
AUD = alcohol use disorder