Causes of chronic pain associated with cancer treatment
Chemotherapy |
Peripheral neuropathy (with agents such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, vincristine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, thalidomide, and bortezomib) |
Osteonecrosis secondary to concurrent steroid use |
Radiation therapy |
Connective-tissue fibrosis |
Neural damage (such as brachial plexopathy, myelopathy) |
Pain from secondary malignancies |
Enteritis |
Proctitis |
Cystitis |
Vaginal dryness or atrophy |
Surgery |
Mastectomy (may be due to phantom breast pain, intercostobrachial neuralgia, neuroma or nerve injury) |
Amputation or phantom limb pain |
Thoracotomy |
Head and neck surgery (eg, neck dissection) |