Trial | Number of patients | Median follow-up | Cardiovascular disease at baselinea | Treatment | Number needed to treatb |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
REWIND15 | 9,901 | 5.4 years | 31.5% | Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneously weekly | 323 |
SUSTAIN-616 | 3,297 | 2.1 years | 2.1 years 60.5% | Semaglutide 0.5 or 1 mg subcutaneously weekly | 83 |
LEADER17 | 9,340 | 3.8 years | 81.3% | Liraglutide 1.6 mg subcutaneously daily | 200 |
ELIXA18 | 6,068 | 2.1 years | 100% | Lixisenatide 10 or 20 μg subcutaneously daily | No benefit |
EXSCEL19 | 14,752 | 3.2 years | 70% | Exenatide extended-release 2 mg subcutaneously weekly | No benefit |
PIONEER-621 | 3,183 | 1.3 years | 85% | Semaglutide 14 mg by mouth daily | No benefit |
↵a All patients had longstanding type 2 diabetes and also either had a history of cardiovascular disease or were at risk of it.
↵b Number of patients needed to be treated for 1 year to prevent 1 major adverse cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes, plus, in the ELIXA trial, hospitalization for heart failure), calculated as the inverse of the absolute risk reduction.
ELIXA = Lixisenatide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome; EXSCEL = Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes; LEADER = Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results; PIONEER-6 = Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes; REWIND = Researching Cardiovascular Events With a Weekly Incretin in Diabetes; SUSTAIN-6 = Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes