TABLE 1

Contraindications to hormone therapy

ContraindicationsPertinent considerations
Prior history of coronary heart disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, or unprovoked venous thromboembolism or inherited high risk of thromboembolic disease, or significantly high risk for cardiovascular diseaseRelative contraindication: hormone therapy can be considered on a case-by-case basis
Unexplained vaginal bleedingRelative contraindication: unexplained vaginal bleeding should be evaluated before hormone therapy is considered
End-stage liver diseaseRelative contraindication: hormone therapy can be considered on a case-by-case basis
Prior history of estrogen-receptor-positive cancerAbsolute contraindication