TABLE 1

When drowning victims need further medical help

Send to the hospital if victim has any of the following:
Loss of consciousness
Altered mental state
Required positive pressure ventilation
Requires supplemental oxygen
Required cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Low oxygen saturation
Abnormal lung auscultation
Hypotension
Continued chest pain or dyspnea
Suspected traumatic injury
An underlying medical condition is expected or exacerbated:
 Cardiac ischemia
 Seizure disorder
 Stroke
 Respiratory disease
 Intoxication
Consider releasing victims who have all of the following after 10–15 minutes of close observation:
On basic assessment
 No cough
 Normal respiratory effort and rate
 Normal skin color and perfusion
 Normal mentation
 No shivering
On advanced evaluation (prehospital care)
 Normal oxygen saturation
 Normal pulse rate and blood pressure
 Normal lung sounds