TABLE 1

Clinical manifestations of iodine-deficiency disorder by age group

Age groupClinical manifestations
FetusAbortion
Stillbirth
Increased risk of perinatal death
Cretinism
InfantGoiter
Hypothyroidism
Mental retardation
Intellectual impairment
Child, adolescentGoiter
Hypothyroidism
Intellectual impairment
Impaired physical development
AdultGoiter
Toxic multinodular goiter
Increased risk of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Intellectual impairment
  • Adapted from reference 9.