Complications after metabolic surgery
| Complications | Frequency (%) |
|---|---|
| Sepsis from anastomotic leak | 0.1–5.6 |
| Hemorrhage | 1–4 |
| Cardiopulmonary events | < 1 |
| Thromboembolic disease | 0.34 |
| Death | 0.1–0.3 |
| Late complications for LAGB | |
| Band slippage | 15 |
| Leakage | 2–5 |
| Erosion | 1–2 |
| Late complications of bypass procedures | |
| Anastomotic stricture | 1–5 |
| Marginal ulcer | 1–5 |
| Bowel obstruction | 0.5–2 |
| Micronutrient and macronutrient deficiencies from RYGB 2–3 years postoperatively | |
| Iron deficiency | 45–52 |
| Vitamin B12 deficiency | 8–37 |
| Calcium deficiency | 10 |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 51 |
| Fat-soluable vitamin deficiencies (A, D, E, and K) and protein calorie malnutrition from BPD-DS procedures | 1–5 |
BPD-DS = biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch; LAGB = laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
From Schauer PR, et al. Clinical outcomes of metabolic surgery: efficacy of glycemic control, weight loss, and remission of diabetes. Diabetes Care 2016; 39:908–911. ©2016 American Diabetes Association. All rights reserved. Material from this publication is used with the permission of American Diabetes Association.