TABLE 1

High-risk findings on stress echocardiography

Risk factorHigh-risk valuesOutcome
Increase in mean aortic valve pressure gradient during stress echocardiographyIncrease > 20 mm Hg3.8-fold increase in cardiovascular events (death or aortic valve replacement) independent of other risk factors20
Decrease in aortic valve surface area during stress echocardiographyAortic valve area ≤ 0.75 cm2Independent predictors of poor prognosis (symptoms, aortic valve replacement, death)19
Increase in systolic pulmonary artery pressure during stress echocardiographySystolic pulmonary artery pressure > 50 mm HgIndependent predictor of hospital mortality and a higher mortality rate after valve replacement23
Left ventricular contractile reserveDecrease in ejection fraction during exerciseSymptoms developing more frequently during exercise and a lower event-free survival rate24