TABLE 1

Sleep hygiene and behavior modification

Stimulus control therapy
(bedroom as cue for sleep)
Dark room
Cold room temperature
Quiet room ± white noise machine
No screen (TV, phone, tablets)
Planned bedtime and wake-up
Get out of bed if not sleeping
Relaxation techniques before bedtime
 Mindfulness/meditation
  Progressive muscle relaxation
Consistent bedtime routine
Sleep restriction therapy
(optimizing sleep efficiency)
Reduce time in bed to match current time asleep
Choose consistent wake-up time
Prescribe a bedtime
Add 30-minute increments to bedtime until 7–8 hours per night
Goal of 90% sleep efficiency (time asleep / time in bed)
No naps
Do not use in untreated sleep apnea