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Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channels in the Brain: Relevance to Alcohol Intoxication and Withdrawal

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Book cover The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 248))

Abstract

Voltage-sensitive Ca2+ (CaV) channels are the primary route of depolarization-induced Ca2+ entry in neurons and other excitable cells, leading to an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The resulting increase in [Ca2+]i activates a wide range of Ca2+-dependent processes in neurons, including neurotransmitter release, gene transcription, activation of Ca2+-dependent enzymes, and activation of certain K+ channels and chloride channels. In addition to their key roles under physiological conditions, CaV channels are also an important target of alcohol, and alcohol-induced changes in Ca2+ signaling can disturb neuronal homeostasis, Ca2+-mediated gene transcription, and the function of neuronal circuits, leading to various neurological and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms and disorders, including alcohol withdrawal induced–seizures and alcoholism.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Prosper N’Gouemo

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  1. Prosper N’Gouemo
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Correspondence to Prosper N’Gouemo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA

    Kathleen A. Grant

  2. Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    David M. Lovinger

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N’Gouemo, P. (2018). Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channels in the Brain: Relevance to Alcohol Intoxication and Withdrawal. In: Grant, K., Lovinger, D. (eds) The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol . Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 248. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_93

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