Elsevier

Clinics in Dermatology

Volume 39, Issue 2, March–April 2021, Pages 323-328
Clinics in Dermatology

COVID-19: Important Updates and Developments
Edited by Franco Rongioletti, MD, and Leonard J. Hoenig, MD
Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 in children (and adults): A virus that does not discriminate

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.10.020Get rights and content

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a beta coronavirus with a characteristic S-glycoprotein spike on the cell surface. Initial reports did not include cutaneous manifestations as a feature of COVID-19; however, there is a growing repertoire of reports demonstrating an array of dermatologic manifestations on the skin in children and adults. Dermatologic afflictions have been summarized into different categories several times, with the most recent analysis identifying six clinical patterns: urticaria, maculopapular-morbilliform eruption, papulovesicular exanthem, chilblain-like acral pattern, livedo reticularis-livedo racemosa pattern, and purpuric vasculitic pattern. In children, the dermatologic features appear to occur before or concomitantly with other COVID-19 manifestations. Dermatologists play a key role in diagnosing patients with COVID-19 who may present for the first time unwittingly exhibiting early signs of COVID-19. We have reviewed the current evidence on the dermatologic impact of COVID-19 in both the adult and pediatric populations.

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