… F Streiber did the assays and collected clinical data. K de Groot was responsible for the
clinical care of some of our patients. H Regelsberger isolated circulating endothelial cells and …

The large clostridial cytotoxins (LCTs) constitute a group of high molecular weight clostridial
cytotoxins that inactivate cellular small GTP-binding proteins. We demonstrate that a novel …

Clostridium difficile strains of toxinotype VIII from serogroups F and X are described as toxin
B-positive, toxin A-negative (TcdB + A − ), although they harbour almost the entire tcdA gene…

… novyi Tcno~ induce a breakdown of the F-actin cytoskeleton, but, after intoxication with C.
sordellii lethal toxin (TcsL; or related LCTs, see Table 1), F-actin filament staining associated …

… Confocal microscopic localization of F-actin in en face optical sections reveals a normal F-actin
distribution in the apical membrane and as perijunctional F-actin rings (top left). …

… Toxinotype VIII is characteristic for all strains of serogroup F. Other serogroups in which
variant toxinotypes were commonly found are A1, A15, E, and X. Testing of variability inC. …

Clostridium difficile toxin B exhibits cytotoxic activity that is characterized by the disruption of
the microfilamental cytoskeleton. Here we studied whether the GTP-binding Rho protein, …

The three clostridial cytotoxins, ie α-toxin of C. novyi (Toxα-nov), toxin B of C. difficile (ToxB-dif)
and lethal toxin of C. sordellii (LT-sor) consist of single peptide chains of about 200,000 (…

… The effects consist of the rounding of cell bodies with the reorganization of F-actin structures
into … of actin stress fibers and the formation of filopodia containing F-actin and fimbrin/plastin( …

… in the F-actin assay and too large to inhibit DNase (2,5). Previously, we demonstrated …
barbed end of F-actin. The net result of C2 toxin exposure was a substantial decrease in F-actin …