More articles from IM Board Review
- A 19-year-old man with oral ulcers, pulmonary infiltrates, and rash
What is the likely cause of this patient’s symptoms? A self-quiz based on an actual case.
- A 58-year-old woman with mental status changes
Thirty years ago she underwent gastric bypass surgery for obesity. Now she presents with mental status changes, a bicarbonate level of 16 mmol/L, and an anion gap of 15. What is the most likely cause of her acidosis?
- Neurologic effects of hyponatremia and its treatment
Twenty-one days after surviving a hemorrhagic stroke, the patient develops new neurologic symptoms. A computed tomographic scan shows new cerebral edema. Her serum sodium concentration is 121 mmol/L.
- An 18-year-oldwith effort-related arm swelling
A high school senior with a baseball scholarship presents with the acute onset of swelling in his nondominant arm. What is the most likely diagnosis and the most appropriate initial diagnostic test?
- An elderly woman with severe anemia
Her hemoglobin level is 7.7 g/dL, and a peripheral blood smear shows hypochromic microcytic erythrocytes. What is the most likely cause?
- Leg weakness in a 66-year-old woman: A common presentation of an uncommon disease
She has proximal leg weakness, weight loss, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, and diminished sensation in the arms and legs. What is the likely cause?
- Hypotension in the intensive care unit
Our patient’s vital signs: temperature 98.4°F, pulse 96 and regular, respirations 23, blood pressure 76/44 mm Hg, central venous pressure 21 mm Hg. What is the likely cause of his hypotension?
- A middle-aged woman with chronic liver disease and shortness of breath
Her dyspnea has worsened in the last 3 months and is worse when she assumes the upright position. What is the cause?
- A young man with a cough, an abnormal chest radiograph, and multiple skin lesions
His chest infiltrates have not resolved after 1 month of illness and two antibiotic courses. What is the diagnosis?
- A hypertensive emergency in an obese young woman
She has headache, new-onset seizures, edema, and proteinuria; her blood pressure is 235/114 mm Hg and she weighs 256 lb. What is the diagnosis?