IDWeek 2023

Highlights from IDWeek 2023 Annual Meeting, held from October 11 – 15, 2023.

COVID-19 mRNA vaccine effectiveness against hospitalizations among U.S. children and adolescents during Omicron variant predominance

Presenter: Laura D. Zambrano, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States

In a case-control study of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination effectiveness for preventing pediatric hospitalizations, during Omicron variant predominance, protection waned over time but still reduced the likelihood of COVID-19 hospitalization by more than 60%, according to Laura D. Zambrano, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.

External validation of the 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis

Presenter: Thomas W. van der Vaart, MD, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

For the clinical diagnosis of infective endocarditis, the 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) criteria represent a significant advance, according to Thomas W. van der Vaart, MD, Internal Medicine Resident, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.

Waning of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19-associated hospitalization among immunocompetent adults aged ≥ 18 years—IVY Network, 20 U.S. States, September 8, 2022–April 1, 2023

Presenter: Jennifer DeCuir, MD, PhD, Surveillance and Prevention Branch, Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

Among immunocompetent adults age 18 and older, the effectiveness of bivalent mRNA vaccination largely waned by 6 months in an IVY (Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill) analysis spanning September 8, 2022 through May 31, 2023, presented in an oral session at ID Week 2023.

Increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death in vaccinated patients with end-stage renal disease and dialysis: initial results from INFORM, a retrospective health database observational study in England

Presenter: Sabade Dube, PhD, director of epidemiology in the Vaccines and Immune Therapies unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Compared with the overall population, patients with end-stage kidney disease are at increased risk and have higher rates of severe COVID-19 outcomes despite 3 or more vaccinations, according to Sabade Dube, PhD, director of epidemiology in the Vaccines and Immune Therapies unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

One vs three weekly doses of benzathine penicillin G for treatment of early syphilis in persons with and without HIV: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Presenter: Jodie A. Dionne, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States

In a randomized, controlled trial, treating early syphilis with more than a single dose of benzathine penicillin G offered no advantage over giving a single dose, irrespective of the patient’s HIV status, stated Jodie A. Dionne MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States, in an ID Week 2023 oral presentation.

Efficacy and safety of aztreonam-avibactam for the treatment of serious infections due to gram-negative bacteria, including metallo-beta-lactamase-producing pathogens: phase 3 REVISIT study

Presenter: Yehuda Carmeli, MD, Head of the Israeli National Center for Antibiotic Resistance, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel

Data from REVISIT, a phase 3 trial conducted among hospitalized adults, support potential use of aztreonam-avibactam to treat serious infections caused by susceptible multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, according to Professor of Medicine Yehuda Carmeli, MD, Head of the Israeli National Center for Antibiotic Resistance, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Consequences of low-level viremia among women with HIV in the United States

Presenter: Amalia Aldredge, MD, Infectious Diseases Fellow, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.

Levels of baseline viral suppression predicted virologic failure risk among women in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study taking antiretroviral therapy who were followed for 5 years, according to Amalia Aldredge, MD, Infectious Diseases Fellow, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Maternal hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy provides more durable infant antibody responses compared to natural infection alone

Presenter: Michael Melgar, MD, medical epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.

In infants up to 6 months of age born to women with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, infection alone did not provide persistent antibody responses, in a study reported in an oral presentation at ID Week 2023.

Clinical outcomes in non-pregnant adults aged ≥ 18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection, 12 U.S. states, October 2014–April 2022

Presenter: Michael Melgar, MD, medical epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Among nonpregnant adults with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalization, severe illness was more common with older age and cardiopulmonary conditions, according to Michael Melgar, MD, a medical epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Effect of oral fosfomycin compared to the intravenous beta lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor or carbapenem in step-down treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infection

Presenter: Professor Jun-won Seo, PhD, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Kwangju-jikhalsi, Republic of Korea.

Effect of oral fosfomycin compared to the intravenous beta lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor or carbapenem in step-down treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infection due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae; a multicenter, randomized, prospective, open-label, noninferiority trial.

The safety and efficacy advantage of blocking C5a vs C5 in critically ill, COVID-19 patients: results from PANAMO, a phase 3 randomized controlled trial

Presenter: Bruce P. Burnett, PhD;VP, Head of Medical Affairs, InflaRx GmbH, InflaRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Fuquay-Varina, NC, United States

Direct C5a inhibition by vilobelimab, in findings from the randomized, controlled phase 3 PANAMO study, resulted in a survival benefit for critically ill patients with COVID-19 without increasing infections, according to Bruce P. Burnett, PhD; VP, Head of Medical Affairs, InflaRx GmbH, InflaRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Fuquay-Varina, NC, United States.

Efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) versus dolutegravir (DTG)-based 3-drug regimens in adults with HIV who have suboptimal antiretroviral adherence

Presenter: Kristen Andreatta, research scientist at Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA

Levels of virologic suppression remained high in adult patients with HIV with suboptimal (< 85%) adherence to a regimen of bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF), according to Kristen Andreatta, a research scientist at Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States.