ABSTRACT
Inflammation probably contributes to the development and progress of heart failure. Proteins called cytokines, which are produced by damaged tissues and leukocytes as part of the inflammatory response, affect the heart both directly and indirectly. They exacerbate hemodynamic imbalances, act as negative inotropes, stimulate left ventricular hypertrophy, and promote the production of still more cytokines, which continue the cycle. Several medications counter these effects in vitro, and some are in clinical testing.
Footnotes
↵* The author has indicated that he is receiving grant or research support from Immunex, which is supporting the RENAISSANCE trial of etanercept in congestive heart failure.
- Copyright © 2000 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. All Rights Reserved.