Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Onychomycosis of the great toenail resulting in a dermatophytoma, visible as a white-yellow longitudinal band.
- FIGURE 2
“Half-and-half” nails involve a transverse white band proximally and a red-brown band distally. Underlying conditions include Kawasaki disease, cirrhosis, Crohn disease, and zinc deficiency.
- FIGURE 3
Longitudinal melanonychia presents as one or more longitudinal brown-black bands in the nail plate. Underlying conditions include melanoma in situ (A) and benign nevus (B).
- FIGURE 4
Longitudinal erythronychia presents as one or more linear red bands extending from the lunula to the distal free edge of the nail plate, accompanied by onycholysis.
- FIGURE 5
Beau lines—transverse grooves in the nail plate—have been associated with rheumatic fever, malaria, pemphigus, Raynaud disease, and myocardial infarction.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Vertical brown-black nail lines (longitudinal melanonychia): Indications for referral
Any new vertical brown-black nail lines in a fair-skinned patient Vertical brown-black lines on a single nail, in any patient Any history of change in the brown-black lines or bands (darkening, widening, bleeding) Width of brown-black lines greater than 6 mm Proximal width greater than distal width Heterogeneous color Indistinct borders Associated nail fold pigment (Hutchinson sign) Associated nail plate dystrophy Associated bleeding Associated ulceration High-risk digit (thumb, index finger, great toe) Personal or family history of melanoma Localized form (one nail affected) Polydactylous form (multiple nails affected) Pain, tenderness, sensitivity to cold (probable glomus tumor) No associated systemic disease Changing, evolving, or new band No associated dermatologic disease
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