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Review

Update in ARDS management: Recent randomized controlled trials that changed our practice

J. Fernando Santacruz, MD, Enrique Diaz Guzman Zavala, MD and Alejandro C. Arroliga, MD
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine March 2006, 73 (3) 217-236;
J. Fernando Santacruz
Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
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Enrique Diaz Guzman Zavala
Division of Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
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Alejandro C. Arroliga
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University; Head, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Roles: Professor of Medicine
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ABSTRACT

In the last 7 years, 14 randomized controlled trials in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have shown that:

  • Mechanical ventilation with a tidal volume of 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight is better than mechanical ventilation with a tidal volume of 12 mL/kg of predicted body weight.

  • Prone positioning improves oxygenation but poses safety concerns.

  • A high level of positive end-expiratory pressure does not improve survival.

  • High-frequency oscillatory ventilation is in theory the ideal “lung-protective” method, but its benefits have not been proven.

  • No drug therapy has been shown to improve survival in patients with ARDS.

  • Exogenous surfactant may improve oxygenation but has no significant effect on the death rate or length of use of mechanical ventilation.

  • Low-dose inhaled nitric oxide has no substantial impact on the duration of ventilatory support or on the death rate.

  • Partial liquid ventilation may be beneficial in young patients with acute lung injury or ARDS, although further study is needed to confirm this.

  • © 2006 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
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Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine: 73 (3)
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Vol. 73, Issue 3
1 Mar 2006
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Update in ARDS management: Recent randomized controlled trials that changed our practice
J. Fernando Santacruz, Enrique Diaz Guzman Zavala, Alejandro C. Arroliga
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Mar 2006, 73 (3) 217-236;

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Update in ARDS management: Recent randomized controlled trials that changed our practice
J. Fernando Santacruz, Enrique Diaz Guzman Zavala, Alejandro C. Arroliga
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Mar 2006, 73 (3) 217-236;
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