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- Figure 1
The patient’s electrocardiogram on presentation shows ST-segment elevation (arrows) over the lateral and inferior distribution (V4–V6, II, III, and aVF).
- Figure 2
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging shows areas of patchy subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement (arrows).
- Figure 3
Our suggested approach to suspected acute myocarditis.
Tables
INFECTIOUS Viral Parvovirus B19 Coxsackie B (enterovirus) Adenovirus Human herpesviruses Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr virus, Human herpes virus 6 Human immunodeficiency virus Influenza A/B Poliovirus Hepatitis C Bacterial Borrelia Rickettsia Coxiella Staphylococcus Streptococcus Corynebacterium diphtheria Mycobacterium Protozoal Trypanosoma cruzi Toxoplasma Babesia Parasitic Trichinella spiralis Taenia solium Fungal Aspergillus Candida Histoplasma Mucormycosis Sporothirix IMMUNE-MEDIATED Allergens Tetanus toxoid Vaccines (especially smallpox) Serum sickness Autoantigens Infection-negative giant cell Systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatoid arthritis Sarcoidosis Alloantigens Heart transplant rejection TOXIC Drugs Amphetamines Cocaine Lithium Clozapine Anthracyclines (doxorubicin) Mesalamine Sulfonamides (hypersensitivity) Penicillins (hypersensitivity) Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab) Heavy metals Iron Copper Lead (rare) Physical agents Radiation Hormones Pheochromocytoma (epinephrine, norepinephrine) Miscellaneous Insect bites Scorpion sting Inhalants Arsenic Based on information in references 3, 21, and 22.
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