Symptoms to Diagnosis

A 65-year-old man with melena and a blood disorder

Monia E. Werlang, MD, Marilia L. Montenegro, MD and Bhaumik Brahmbhatt, MD, MBBS
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine October 2022, 89 (10) 573-578; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.89a.20175

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Figure 1
    Figure 1

    Views from the patient’s initial upper endoscopy. (A) Large (grade 3) varices (circle) in the lower third of the esophagus. (B) Band placement in varices at the gastric cardia and gastroesophageal junction (circle). (C) Band placement in varices in the lower third of the esophagus (circle).

Tables

  • TABLE 1

    Etiology of portal hypertension

    Presinusoidal causes
    Idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension
    Biliary diseases (primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis)
    Neoplastic and nonneoplastic occlusion of the portal vein
    Schistosomiasis
    Polycystic disease
    Arteriovenous fistulas
    Congenital hepatic fibrosis
    Sinusoidal causes
    Drug-induced
    Alcoholic liver damage
    Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    Viral hepatitis
    Amyloid
    Infiltrative diseases
    Visceral leishmaniasis
    Gaucher disease
    Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
    Postsinusoidal causes
    Budd-Chiari syndrome
    Veno-occlusive disease
    Hypervitaminosis A
    Primary vascular malignancies
    Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma
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