Table of Contents

Review

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  Enterovirus D68: A clinically important respiratory enterovirus

  Charles B. Foster, MD, Neil Friedman, MD, John Carl, MD and Giovanni Piedimonte, MD

  Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine January 2015, 82 (1) 26-31; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.82a.14166

  Seasonal peaks of viral respiratory illnesses are common during late summer and early fall and have often been attributed to human rhinovirus. In the fall of 2014, the number of children hospitalized with severe lower respiratory symptoms and asthma suddenly increased, and the children tested positive by sequencing for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). As the outbreak unfolded, a possible association was also observed between EV-D68 infection, polio-like acute flaccid paralysis, and cranial neuropathy in children.

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  Rule out pulmonary tuberculosis: Clinical and radiographic clues for the internist

  Catherine Anne Curley, MD

  Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine January 2015, 82 (1) 32-38; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.82a.14014

  As tuberculosis rates decline in the United States, clinicians are less likely to consider it early in a patient’s illness. Certain clinical and radiographic features increase the likelihood of tuberculosis. This review covers the clinical and radiographic features of tuberculosis, the initial evaluation of the patient, the use of airborne infection isolation, and the utility of new molecular techniques in diagnosing tuberculosis.

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  Quitting smoking: Still a challenge, but newer tools show promise

  Gregory B. Collins, MD, DFAPA, Jason M. Jerry, MD, FAPA and Robert Bales, MD, MPH, FAAFP

  Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine January 2015, 82 (1) 39-48; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.81a.14016

  Smoking continues to be a major public health problem with devastating consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality. Physicians are strongly encouraged to engage patients in a serious, concerted, and consistent effort to overcome nicotine addiction. Brief counseling in combination with medications has been shown to be effective. This article provides physicians guidelines for helping patients to quit this addictive disorder.

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  Selecting antithrombotic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation

  Christine Tanaka-Esposito, MD and Mina K. Chung, MD

  Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine January 2015, 82 (1) 49-63; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.82a.140002

  When considering anticoagulant therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation, one must balance the reduction in risk of thromboembolism that this therapy offers against the risk of bleeding that it poses. The American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and Heart Rhythm Society updated their atrial fibrillation guidelines in 2014. This review outlines a rationale for clinical decision-making based on the new guidelines and summarizes the currently approved drugs.