Oncology
- Oral leukoplakia and oral cancer
A 53-year-old male who had smoked for 36 years was referred by his dentist for worsening vitiligo diagnosed as leukoplakia 3 years earlier.
- A 60-year-old man with prostate cancer and embolic strokes
Step-by-step evaluation of a patient with stage IV prostate cancer and embolic stroke, but no history of heart valve disease, arrhythmia, or coagulopathy.
- Reducing the risk of breast cancer
Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy in US women. Reducing this burden involves identification of high-risk individuals and personalized risk management.
- Mucinous ascites: Pseudomyxoma peritonei
A 59-year-old man presented with progressive abdominal distention that limited daily activities and oral intake. The ascitic fluid was markedly viscous and jelly-like.
- What are the considerations in patient selection and timing of risk-reducing mastectomy?
The option of risk-reducing mastectomy is for those at highest risk, and multidisciplinary conversations setting patient expectations are critical for optimal patient outcomes.
- Metastatic bone disease: Early referral for multidisciplinary care
A lack of awareness and recognition of symptoms continues to delay referral to specialist teams. The authors provide guidance for early diagnosis and referral.
- Pigmented lesion on nail bed: Pseudo-Hutchinson sign
The discoloration had been present since the patient was 14, and it had not changed in appearance.
- Lacrimal gland involvement in a patient with sarcoidosis
The differential diagnosis included infection, malignancy, and inflammatory disorders such as immunoglobulin G4-related disease and sarcoidosis.
- A brownish erythematous patch in the nipple-areola complex
Biopsy revealed neoplastic cells throughout the epidermis and granular layer, with abundant pale cytoplasm, intraglandular extension, and chronic inflammation in the papillary dermis.
- Palliative care: An update for internists
A review of recent research to guide symptom management, advance-care planning, and communication training to maximize compassionate care.